Deep Hole

Deep Hole is located on Highway 447 west of Gerlach near the Smoke Creek Desert road and Planet X Pottery. Deep Hole was founded by Ladue Vary in 1856 who created a stone building that still stands. (Vary went on to found Varyville).

Ingalls writes: "Deep Hole is at the north end of Smith (sic) Creek Desert, 115 miles north of Reno, nine miles northwest of Gerlach, on Western Pacific Railway, which is its telegraph, express and shipping station. It was named after several deep springs near by."

Frederick W. Lander negotiated peace with Numaga at Deep Hole on August 21, 1860.

In July, 1869, two men were murdered at Deep Hole. Bloody Point was named for this incident.

"In my annual report for 1869 under the head of outrages I detailed the murder by Indians of two white men Partridge and Coburn at Deep Hole Springs Nevada in July 1869. I investigated the case as far as possible and it appeared that the white men were killed by two Indians brothers Amazoo and Hop-we-puck-ee living in the northern section of the State. Military authorities at Camp Bidwell California arrested several Indians suspicioned as perpetrators of the murder among the number Hop-we-puck-ee. He was finally turned over to civil authorities at Susanville California was taken from the custody of the constable by some white men and hanged in September 1869. Amazoo was apprehended near Reno Nevada together with two other Indians Joe and Mack who belonged on the reservation and who were innocent of any criminal knowledge or participation in the murder. At a preliminary examination nothing was adduced against these Indians but instead of being released Deputy Sheriff Edwards turned them over without authority to some irresponsible white men from Honey Lake Valley California. These men took the Indians a few miles from Reno murdered them and threw their bodies into a deep hole by the wayside. Such was in substance the Indian version of these outrages and subsequent information has almost fully verified their statements. These cases illustrate the swift and unlawful retribution to which Indians in this State are subjected without any discrimination as to guilt or innocence A suspicion against an Indian is tantamount to his death warrant to be executed by bad white men without fear of prosecution or molestation at the hands of civil authorities."

Louis Gerlach owned Deep Hole and hired James Raser as his ranch foreman.

Mr. and Mrs. Whitaker were at Deep Hole. UNR has a picture description.

• The 1873 plat shows the Miller's living at Deep Hole.

• 1880 Census data for Deep Hole Farm, Roop County, archive.org, 1880 Census Data for Deep Hole, nvshpo.org
  • Miller, David C. 41 M FARMER ROOP DEEP HOLE FARM 1880
  • Miller, Jenny 52 F KEEPING HOUSE ROOP DEEP HOLE FARM 1880
  • Miller, James 18 M LABORER ROOP DEEP HOLE FARM 1880
  • Miller, Maggie 15 F KEEPING HOUSE ROOP DEEP HOLE FARM 1880
  • Miller, William 14 M LABORER ROOP DEEP HOLE FARM 1880
  • Miller, James C. 25 M LABORER ROOP DEEP HOLE FARM 1880
  • Roberts, Julius 21 M LABORER ROOP DEEP HOLE FARM 1880
  • Donnelly, James 47 M VAQUERO ROOP DEEP HOLE FARM 1880

Presumably the Miller lived at Millers - a GNIS historical locale (ca. 1881) located south of Deep Hole.

Could James Donnelly be who named Donnelly Peak?

• R. L. Polk & Co.'s Nevada State Gazetteer and Business Directory, First Edition, 1907-1908.
  • A ranch post office in Washoe County, at the north end of the Smoke Creek Desert, 6 miles north of the Western Pacific Ry survey. It is 65 miles northeast of Amadee, Cal., its shipping point, 75 miles from Cedarville, Cal, its banking town and 115 miles from Reno, the county seat. Has weekly stage communication with Amadee, Cal, fare $4.50.
  • F C Gerlach, postmaster
  • Last Name First Name Type of Business
  • Gerlach F C Live Stock and Postmaster
• 1910 Census data for W.R. Whitaker, listing him at Deep Hole.
• 1920 Census Data for Wilson R Whitaker of Gerlach

• Washoe County, Nevada 1936 Tax List Page 016 for Deep Hole
  • Clark Co., C. W. Real Estate $240
  • Cross, Claude Real Estate, $775, Improvements: $150, Personal: $150
  • Fisk Est., C. W. Real Estate: $695, Improvements: $150, Personal: $1235
  • Gerlach Livestock Co. Real Estate: $18,600, Improvements: $450, Personal: $3090
  • Parker, W. D. & S. F. Real Estate: $1,110, Personal: $90
  • Shedd, Bert Real Estate: $3895, Improvements: $300, Personal: $545
  • Western Pacific Railroad Real Estate: $200

External Resources

• Numaga, Wikipedia. Discussion of the Paiute War
• BLM, "Emigrant Trails in the Black Rock Desert," Technical Report 6, 1980. (Information about Ladue Vary.)
• THE HISTORY OF NEVADA, CHAPTER LVIII., WASHOE COUNTY, BY MAJOR G. W. INGALLS. From The History of Nevada, edited by Sam P. Davis, vol. II (1912) (Description of location of Deep Hole.)
• Gary L. Ecelbargerm, "Frederick W. Lander: The Great Natural American Soldier," p 69.
• H.F. Bonham, Jr., L.J. Garside, R.B. Jones, K.G. Papke, J.Quade, and J.V. Tingle, OF1985-03: A mineral inventory of the Paradise-Denio -- and Sonoma-Gerlach Resource Areas, Winnemucca District, Nevada," Deephole District, p. 28, 1985.

See Also

• Asa Merrill Fairfield, "Fairfield's Pioneer History of Lassen County, California: Containing ...," p 89 (1916). Description of Vary searching for cattle stolen from Deep Hole. (Full text from Archive.org.)
• GNIS Deep Hole Deep Hole Post Office, Deep Hole Spring and Deephole Ranch are other GNIS names located at the same location.
• Millers - a GNIS historical locale (ca. 1881) located south of Deep Hole.
• Lingenfelter Ranch - a nearby GNIS locale.
• George Duncan, "Copy of letter to his sister, May 13, 1894 and notes of his traveling from Rye Patch to Sisson, April 30-May 13, 1894, including stops at Rabbit Hole, Granite Creek, Deep Hole, Smoke Creek, Susanville, Eagle Lake, Haden Hill, Bieber, Fall River Valley, Pittsville, Glenburg, Dana, Mt. Shasta, and Bartles," Nevada Historical Society.
• 1896 Post Route Map shows Deep Hole 25 miles north east of Salt Marsh (n.o.)
• Nobles Trail (Emigrant Trails West) "Trading Post at Deep Hole Springs - Marker N-8"